TECHNOLOGY OF FIRE PROTECTION OF WOOD WITH COATINGS BASED ON MODIFIED EPOXY-AMINE COMPOSITES

Abstract

The results of development of technology for obtaining and applying fire-retardant coating for wood based on epoxy-amine composites modified with CuSiF6 are presented, and its fire-retardant efficiency is evaluated. It was found that modification of epoxy-amine composites with copper (II) hexafluorosilicate results in an increase in ignition and self-ignition temperatures by 28ºC and 52ºC, respectively, a sharp decrease in flammability and transfers them from the group of combustible materials of medium flammability to the group of difficult combustible materials. Due to the incorporation of flame retardant into the epoxy-amine composite, the smoke-forming coefficient in the mode of combustion and smoldering is significantly reduced, which ensures the possibility of obtaining materials with moderate smoke-forming ability. An experimental study of the flame spread on the surface of samples of epoxy-polymer materials showed that copper-containing composites do not propagate flame and belong to the highest category of resistance to combustion
V-0. The obtained coatings on the basis of modified epoxy-amine composites on fire-retardant efficiency belong to I group. The combination of all the results of experimental studies presented in the work demonstrated the special role of the complexation process in the system of non-combustible transition metal salt - combustible amine hardener of epoxy resins in reducing fire and explosion hazard parameters of materials based on epoxy-amine composites. The appearance of additional chemical bonds (Cu(II)←N) is reflected in the increase of ignition and self-ignition temperatures of the composites, decrease in the smoke-forming coefficient and transfers them from category HB to category V-0, from the group of combustible materials of medium flammability to the group of difficult combustible. This is the key to the use of modified epoxy-polymers for fire-retardant wood treatment. It was found that fire-retardant coatings for wooden structures based on the obtained compositions belong to  I  group of fire-retardant efficiency, while the coating based on the original composition does not provide fire-retardant wood.