REGARDING THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE METHOD FOR PREVENTING FIRE SPREAD DURING EMERGENCY DEPRESSURIZATION OF OIL-FILLED TRANSFORMERS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33269/nvcz.2024.2(18).90-100Keywords:
transformer substation, transformer oil, flash point, oil receiver, gravel backfilling, heat exchangerAbstract
Statistical data on the occurrence of fires involving electrical equipment filled with insulating oil at enterprises of the fuel and energy complex that occurred during 2017-2021 in Ukraine are presented. The main causes of fires at transformer substations are identified. An analysis of existing methods for limiting the spread of fire at oil-filled transformer substations is carried out in terms of approaches to the design of oil receivers with backfilling from rocks of certain parameters, which are used in Ukraine and abroad. The main drawback of using gravel backfilling as a method of reducing the emergency temperature of transformer oil in transformer oil receivers to a fire-safe level is identified - the need to carry out a resource-intensive complex of works to clean it from dust, sand, etc. An analytical review of the latest publications and research on improving the level of fire safety of transformer electrical substations, assessing the burning modes of transformer oil, problems associated with extinguishing flammable liquids, and improving the design features of the oil receiver of an electric transformer was performed. As a result of the research, the properties of metals that can perform the function of heat accumulation were analyzed. The economic inexpediency of using an aluminum heat-receiving element to reduce the temperature of an emergency spill of transformer oil from 250°C to 150°C in the oil receiver of an electric transformer instead of gravel backfill was determined. Directions for further research were determined in terms of developing a system for reducing the temperature of an emergency spill of transformer oil from 250°C to 150°C in oil receivers of transformers, taking into account the experience of designing heat exchangers. The relevance of further scientific research has been determined, its goal, object, and subject have been formulated, and research objectives have been set.
