INVESTIGATION OF THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF WATER-BASED FIRE EXTINGUISHING AGENTS BASED ON POLYACRYLATE POLYMERS

Abstract

This study aims to investigate changes in the properties of water-based fire extinguishing solutions and to enhance fire suppression efficiency through the application of modified agents with improved fire-extinguishing performance. The research serves as a basis for improving the quality indicators of existing solutions and for developing new formulations using advanced gel-forming compounds. These agents are intended for use in fire protection systems and in active firefighting applications to increase overall extinguishing effectiveness.

The proposed approach involves the preliminary formulation of stabilized liquid concentrates containing gel-forming compounds, which are subsequently diluted in water or, optionally, in foam-forming agents. The study focuses on assessing the impact of various additives on the physicochemical, mechanical, and operational properties of the resulting fire extinguishing solutions.

A comprehensive analysis of the current state and development trends in fire extinguishing agents and their application technologies, both internationally and domestically, is presented. Potential directions for formulation optimization and improvements in extinguishing efficiency are identified, with special emphasis on the influence of component selection on physicochemical properties, cost-efficiency, and environmental safety.

Compared to water, modified fire extinguishing solutions offer several advantages, including increased stability, enhanced adhesion to combustible surfaces, and the formation of a porous or film-like protective layer. These features contribute to improved cooling, inhibition of flame propagation, and thermal insulation, thereby limiting oxygen access and increasing the overall fire resistance of treated materials. Such properties are particularly critical for the suppression of surface fires.

Based on literature review and the authors' theoretical and experimental findings, this work outlines strategies for improving fire extinguishing formulations, application technologies, and the development of corresponding regulatory, educational, and reference frameworks.