REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MODERN MEANS OF INDIVIDUAL PROTECTION OF THE POPULATION AND FORMATIONS OF CIVIL PROTECTION: WORLD EXPERIENCE

Abstract

In order to provide the population and civil defence formations with modern means of individual protection deals with the world technologies of producing protective materials with special properties which are used for producing protection means against hazardous chemical substances and biological agents.

Both in peacetime and in a special period there is a threat of destruction of potentially hazardous objects of nuclear power and chemical industry. In the conditions of nowadays there are changes in requirements for protective properties and time of protection means which at this stage must provide effective complex protection from negative for health and life processes and phenomena in conditions of emergencies.

Оn the basis of the method of theoretical researches of characteristics and basic technologies in the sphere of development and production of main samples of individual protection means of skin filtering type and respiratory organs of leading countries of the world, problem questions of further perfection of individual protection means for population and formations of civil protection are examined and the approaches to their development are determined.

It is established, that functional properties of modern protection means depend in many respects on a choice of a fabric and ability to resist an external action. It was defined that an increase in the versatility of personal skin protection means of filtering type can be achieved by creating multilayer materials with special properties, by using aluminum, zinc, magnesium, titanium oxides when creating materials with self-degassing properties, and the efficiency of personal respiratory protection means is increased by increasing the protective effect of filters and insulated properties of half-masks.

The directions of further research on the topic, associated with the search and implementation of nanotechnology for the creation and manufacture of modern personal protective equipment, are determined.