DETERMINATION OF PARAMETERS OF SMOKE AND HEAT EXTRACTION EQUIPMENT THAT CHARACTERIZE ITS EFFICIENCY OF FUNCTIONING

Abstract

This publication provides the total number of fire-rescue equipment equipped with portable smoke and heat removal devices, as well as statistics of their use during firefighting in Ukraine. It was established that the vast majority of portable smoke and heat removal devices operated in fire and rescue units are outdated models and require significant improvement of parameters for effective functioning. It is outlined that the main parameter that characterizes the effectiveness of portable smoke and heat removal devices is productivity, which directly affects the duration of tactical ventilation by fire and rescue units, as a result of which the probability of saving people and extinguishing fires increases. The parameters affecting the performance of the fan, in particular its diameter and the number of revolutions, which create a linear relationship between them and the performance of the smoke and heat removal means, are determined. Under this condition, with an increase in the value of the diameter of the fan and the number of revolutions, the productivity of the tool increases. The list of parameters that have the most significant influence on the performance of the smoke and heat removal device, in particular the angle of inclination of the blade and the area of the fan blade, is substantiated. It was determined that for the comparison of the productivity parameter, it is possible to carry out dangerous fire factors, such as temperature and smoke density, the removal of which from the room is provided by means of smoke and heat removal.
A list of criteria for comparing the performance parameter for improved and non-improved smoke and heat removal means has been established. The specified criteria will be applied to evaluate the results of experimental studies on the dependence of the productivity of smoke and heat removal devices on their technical characteristics. The scenarios of conducting further experimental studies of smoke and heat removal means are substantiated, under which it is possible to investigate the dependence of the effectiveness of temperature and smoke removal from premises and buildings in the most effective way.